The antioxidant system was enhanced, oxidative damage was reduced, and the expression of antioxidant‑associated genes was increased in the small intestine and its mitochondria in the DIN and IND groups, compared with the IN group. The histological morphology of the small intestine improved (P<0.05) in the DIN and IND groups, compared with the IN group. The present study was evaluated the effects of DMG‑Na on mice intestinal damage induced by indomethacin injection.DMG can promote the cellular production of hormones, antibodies, neurotransmitters, nucleic acids, glutathione, creatine and SAMe.Dimethylglycine (DMG) 29.95. We believe it also works well to support neurological function and mental clarity. Choline becomes betaine, and betaine can convert the inflammatory chemical homocysteine into the amino acid methionine.DMG modulates the immune system including antibody production, T and B cell proliferation and cytokine regulation. Further study is required to determine the specific mechanism by which pretreatment and treatment with DMG‑Na reduced small intestinal damage.Dimethylglycine Benefits - Exploring the Health Benefits of DMG Dimethyglycine, sometimes abbreviated DMG, is a chemical produced in the process of using the B-vitamin choline.
![]() Oxidative damage is caused by an imbalance between theAntioxidant system and the generation of free radicals, resultingIn an increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whichMediate tissue damage and cause the release of inflammatoryCytokines ( 1, 2). SKU 899442000309 Category Vitamins & It is well-known that the small intestine is theFirst organ to be affected when oxidative damage occurs, and acuteSmall intestinal damage has an adverse effect on the overall healthOf animals. It is very important for optimal health and is produced by all animals and humans in small amounts. Telecharger nos jours heureux dvdrip uptobox searchDMG-Na was obtained from QiluShenghua Pharmaceutical Co. Materials and methods Reagents and animalsIndomethacin (IN) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich(Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). Our previous results also suggestedThat DMG-Na protects against LPS-induced oxidative stress byIncreasing free radical scavenging capacity and antioxidant systemWas designed to study the effects of DMG-Na on oxidative damage andMitochondrial dysfunction in the small intestines of mice. It has been reported that DMG-Na isSimilar to choline and betaine, and improves antioxidant capacityBy acting as an important raw material for the glutathioneStudy indicated that DMG relieves oxidative damage and improves anAnimal's health and growth performance ( 9). It has been reported thatSubcutaneous injection of indomethacin in mice results in seriousMucosal damage to the gastrointestinal tract, and this was used asThe basis for a study on the clinical risks of small intestineDimethylglycine (DMG) improves the body's immuneSystem and relieves oxidative damage by scavenging excess freeShowed that DMG is a small water-soluble lipophilic molecule thatEffectively enters the body via the cell membrane and is absorbedBy the intestinal cells, which improves the utilization of oral DMGIncrease digestive enzyme capacity and enhance the ability of theIntestinal brush border to come into contact with nutrients,Subsequently promoting the digestion and absorption of nutrients inBiological consumption of choline is reduced in the metabolicPathway, suggesting DMG, as a methyl donor, is rapidly digested andAbsorbed, resulting in the body needing more ATP and inevitablyIncreasing the generation of ROS ( 7). This study was approved andConducted under the supervision of Animal Care and Use Committee ofNanjing Agriculture University (Nanjing, China approval no. Previous studiesFound that gastric intubation in mice with 12 mg DMG-Na/0.3 mlSterile saline solution is beneficial to mice performance,Including growth and antioxidant capacity ( 10). They had access to water and food ad libitum.On day 29, mice were randomly assigned to five groups (n=20 perGroup): i) Mice gastric intubation with 0.3 ml sterile salineSolution (once), then subcutaneously injected with sterile salineSolution (0.5 ml) after 1 h (CON) ii) mice gastric intubation with12 mg DMG-Na/0.3 ml of sterile saline solution once ( 10), then subcutaneously injected withSterile saline solution (0.5 ml) 1 h later (D) iii) mice gastricIntubation with 0.3 ml sterile saline solution once, thenSubcutaneously injected with indomethacin (10 mg/kg BW) 1 h laterIntubation with 12 mg DMG-Na/0.3 ml sterile saline solution once,Then subcutaneously injected with indomethacin (10 mg/kg BW) 1 hLater (DIN) and v) mice subcutaneously injected with indomethacin(10 mg/kg BW), then gastrically intubated with 12 mg DMG-Na/0.3 mlSterile saline solution once after 1 h (IND). All mice were fed common basal dietsFor 14 days. Mice wereRaised under controlled conditions at 25☓☌, 60☑0% humidity, andA 12/12 h light-dark cycle. MaleKunming mice (n=100 40 days old) with a body weight (BW) of 20-25G were obtained from the Animal Multiplication Centre of QinglongMountain (Nanjing, China) ( 11- 13) and raised for 4 weeks. Download game psp ukuran 80mbIn total, ten slides for eachSample were obtained and images were acquired using an opticalBinocular microscope (×400). The small intestine samples (5Mm) were subsequently deparaffinized using xylene and rehydratedWith graded dilutions of ethanol. Histological studySmall intestine (jejunum and ileum) samples wereFixed in 4% buffered formaldehyde and dehydrated using a gradedSeries of xylene and ethanol, following which they were embedded inParaffin for histological analysis. Following sacrifice, blood (0.3 ml) and theSmall intestines were collected. All the mice were euthanized byIntraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg BW pentobarbital(Sigma-Aldrich Merck KGaA) and death was confirmed by limbParalysis or if mice were unable to right themselves in 15 sec whenPlaced on their side. A005), glutathione (GSH1 cat. A001), glutathionePeroxidase (GSH-Px cat. The supernatant and serum were each used to measure theActivity of superoxide dismutase (SOD cat. The homogenate was centrifuged at 3,500 × g for 15Min at 4☌. The villus area was calculated using the followingFormula ( 14): Antioxidant enzymes assaysMouse small intestine (1 g jejunum and ileum) wasHomogenized at 6,800 × g for 10 sec in 9 ml 0.9% sodium chlorideSolution on ice. MITOISO2-1KT Sigma-Aldrich Merck KGaA).The mitochondria were lysed and the protein content was determinedUsing the Micro Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) protein assay kit (NanjingJiancheng Institute of Bioengineering). Isolation of mice small intestineMitochondria and its antioxidant enzyme assaysMitochondria from the small intestines of mice wereIsolated according to the method described by Roediger and TrueloveIsolation kit (cat. A062) according toThe methods described by Panchenko et al ( 15) and Lawrence and Burk ( 16) using commercial diagnostic kits, asPer the respective protocols provided by the manufacturer (NanjingJiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Nanjing, China). ![]() Protein oxidation in mouse smallIntestinal mitochondria was calculated as the concentration of theProtein carbonyls using a spectrophotometer, which was measured asWas expressed as nmol/mg protein. A003) assay kit (Nanjing JianchengBioengineering Institute).
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